This thread is to discuss and list possible new credit roles. The method for adding new credit roles is:
* Existing credit roles must use the role as stated in the credit submission guidelines - for example we should use Vocals and not Vocal. You can search the Credit List by using the F3 function key on most browsers.
* Brackets should be used to give more detail to existing instrument families, i.e. Saxophone [Alto]
* Roles or instruments that are not listed and do not belong to sub categories of existing listed instruments (see above) should be entered using the common name (in English if possible) of the main 'family' of the instrument, using the brackets to describe more detail if necessary. The role should then be listed in this thread so other s can see the new role (and discuss if needed) and I can update the credit guidelines to include this new role. Please include a short description of the role, and link/s to any ing information on other websites.
The credit list is never going to be complete, especially regarding folk instruments and unusual or hybrid instruments.
When new roles are encountered, it is a good idea to check Google or Wikipedia for info, all legitimate roles should bring up a wealth of information on both these searches.
Duduk - a traditional woodwind instrument of Armenian origins.
Ensemble - A musical ensemble is a group of two or more musicians who perform instrumental or vocal music. In each musical style or genre, different norms have developed for the sizes and composition of different ensembles, and for the repertoire of songs or musical works that these ensembles perform. Can be expanded on with brackets, for example "Ensemble [Quartet]"
Glass harmonica - Uses a series of glass bowls or goblets graduated in size to produce musical tones by means of friction.
Bandura - A Ukrainian plucked string instrument similar to a zither.
Taiko - Generic Japanese word for 'drum'.
Vocoder - A speech analyzer and synthesizer. A vocoder has two inputs, and combines them such that, for example, a synthesized tone input is filtered to follow the spectral profile of the voice input. Other input combinations can be used for different results.
Instruments - A general credit for the playing of musical instruments
Tapboard - A guitar-based instrument which uses parts of a shower hose and an egg timer.
Concertmistress - (also concertmaster, leader) The leader of the first violin section of a symphony
orchestra. Any violin solo in an orchestral work is played by the concertmaster (except in the case of a
concerto, in which case guest soloists may be heard).
Contralto Vocals - A few popular music enthusiasts define the contralto and alto separately, as the contralto having an especially dark range, from the D above low C to Tenor C, which is essentially a female of tenor range, while alto is a voice with a range from G below middle C to the F an eleventh above middle C, and is closer to the mezzo-soprano. The majority however define contralto and alto as synonyms, and assign the adjectives light and dark, with a dark alto being a female of tenor range, while a light alto, commonly referred to as simply alto, to include mezzo-sopranos as well.
Libretto By - The text used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, sacred or secular oratorio and cantata, musical, and ballet. The term "libretto" is also sometimes used to refer to the text of major liturgical works, such as mass and requiem.
Rebec - (sometimes rebeck, and originally various other spellings) A bowed string musical instrument. In its most common form, it has three strings and is played on the arm or under the chin, like a violin. Dates back to the Middle Ages and was particularly popular in the 15th and 16th centuries. The instrument is European, but probably developed from the arabo-islamic instrument, the rebab.
Mandoguitar - A hybrid musical instrument that allows you to play mandolin music, sounding more or less like a mandolin, while playing the left-hand fingerings like a guitar. It has 6 single or double strings tuned to allow guitar-style fingerings and that it can be played in the tonal range of a standard mandolin.
Theorbo - A number of long-necked lutes with second peg-boxes, such as the liuto attiorbato, the French théorbe des pieces, the English theorbo, the archlute, the German baroque lute, the angelique or angelica.
Chanzy - Sometimes spelled "tschansy", a lute with three strings
Toshpuluur - Unknown instrument used by <a href=http://www.discogs.sie.com/artist/Huun-Huur-Tu>Huun-Huur-Tu</a>, a Tuvan throat-singing group that accompany their songs with traditional instruments from the republic of Tuva (in the southern part of the Asian part of Russia, bordering Mongolia).
Mridangam - A percussion instrument from South India. It is the primary rhythmic accompaniment in a Carnatic music ensemble. Alternate spellings include mridanga, mrudangam, mrdangam, mrithangam miruthangam and mirudhangam.
Kanjira - (also ganjira) is a South Indian frame drum, an instrument of the tambourine family
Pedalboard - A keyboard played with the feet
Kemenche - (Kurdish: kemençe, Turkish: kemençe, Laz: Ç'ilili Greek: κεμεντζές) is a bottle-shaped, 3-stringed type of rebec or fiddle from the Black Sea region of Asia Minor also known as the "kementche of Laz" in Turkey. In Greece and the Pontian Greek diaspora, it is known as the "Pontian lyra". It is the main instrument used in Pontian music. The kemenche is played in the upright position, either by resting it on the knee when sitting, or held in front of the player when standing.
Carillon - At least 23 cup-shaped bells played from a baton keyboard using fists and feet (such an instrument with fewer than this number of bells is known as a chime). Carillon bells are made of bell bronze, approximately 78% copper and 22% tin, normally housed in bell towers. However, there are indoor carillons usually of light weight bells which may be hung inside shopping malls or in theatres
MC - A Master of Ceremonies or MC (sometimes spelled emcee), sometimes called a compère or an MJ for "microphone jockey," MC became associated with what would change to become known as the rapper. Also is the host of an official public or private staged event or other performance, where the MC usually presents performers, speaks to the audience, and generally keeps the event moving.
Ashiko - A drum shaped like a truncated cone and meant to be played with bare hands. Played throughout sub-Saharan Africa and the Americas. In eastern Cuba, it is known as boku. Unlike the sounds of a Djembe whose body offers two main tones, the straight edges offer a continuum of tones depending on how close to the center of the head the drum is struck. Some consider the ashiko to be male and the djembe female.
Talkbox - A musical sound effects device that allows a musician to modify the sound of a musical instrument. The musician controls the modification by changing the shape of their mouth. Usually an effects pedal that sits on the floor and contains a speaker attached with an air tight connection to a plastic tube.
Translated By
Interviewee - The person getting interviewed
Gayageum - (also spelled kayagûm) - A traditional Korean zither-like string instrument, with 12 strings, although more recently variants have been constructed with 21 or other numbers of strings
Geomungo - (also spelled komungo or kŏmungo) is a traditional Korean stringed musical instrument of zither family instrument with both bridges and frets.
Daegeum - (also spelled taegum or taegŭm) is a large bamboo transverse flute used in traditional Korean music. It has a buzzing membrane that gives it a special timbre.
Pipe - A wide range of instruments used especially in folk music. There are many specific types of pipes known, just to name Piszczałka (Poland), Fujara (Slovakia), Fluieraş (Romania), Zhaleika (Russia).
Musical Bow - A simple string musical instrument consisting of a string ed by a flexible string
bearer, usually made out of wood. Often, it is a normal archery bow used for music rather than as a weapon.
Valiha - A bamboo tube zither from Madagascar. It is played by plucking the strings, which may be made of metal or (originally) the bamboo skin which is pried up in long strands and propped up by small bridges.
Kabosy - A box-shaped wooden guitar commonly played in music of Madagascar. It has four to six strings and is commonly thought to be a direct descendant of the Arabic lute. Known to locals as a 'mandoliny', also spelt kabossy
Chimes - An orchestral percussion instrument which is a set of about 18 metal tubes tuned chromatically and played with a hammer
Bayan - A type of chromatic button accordion developed in Russia in the early 20th century and named after the bard, Boyan. It differs from western chromatic button accordions
Gusli - An ancient generic Slavic term for a stringed musical instrument. The term and its derivatives is
used for either a plucked psaltery or zither-like instrument or for the violin or bowed equivalents.
Originally the instrument had gut strings made from pig entrails. In recent times concert versions of the
instrument have steel strings.
Rozhok - (also vladimirskiy rozhok,Rojok, Владимирский Рожок) An ancient Russian musical instrument made of wood. A rozhok is a conical straight tube with the five playing holes on the top of it and one - below. At the low end is a small bell at the top the pasted in mouthpiece. The total length of a rozhok ranges from 320 to 830 mm. A mouthpiece is cut in the form of a small cap and the lower end of the tube is in the form of a conic bell.
Zhaleika - (also Jaleika) A Russian single-reed woodwind instrument
Electronic Wind Instrument - (also EWI) - A combination of a controller and synthesizer that lets wind musicians (for example saxophonists) play electronic synthesizers using their breath and fingering technique.
Horn - Please use French Horn, Alphorn, Cor Anglais, Crumhorn, English Horn, and Flugelhorn if these are specifically used.
Kaval - A chromatic end-blown flute traditionally played throughout Azerbaijan, Turkey, Bulgaria, Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo / Serbia (Kavall), northern Greece (Kavali or Dzhamara), southern Romania (Caval), Armenia (Բլուլ or Blul) and Kurdistan (Blul).
Flugabone - A mix of trombone and flugelhorn
Duduk - A traditional woodwind instrument of Armenian origins.[1][2] This English word is often used generically for a family of ethnic instruments including the doudouk or duduk (դուդուկ) (previously dziranapogh (ծիրանափող, literally "apricot horn") in Armenia, the düdük or mey in Turkey, the duduki in Georgia, the balaban in Azerbaijan, the narmeh-ney in Iran, the duduka or dudka in Russia and Ukraine, duduk in Serbia, and the daduk in Bulgaria.
Electric Guitar
NOT ADDED
Quartet - Please use Ensemble [Quartet]
Toy Piano - I am hesitant to add this as a specific instrument, as I think it could get too wide, with toy
guitars, toy drums, baby rattles etc getting added. I would prefer either the [Toy] description to be added to the proper instrument, or have a generic Toy instrument so they can be added as Toy [Piano] etc. On reflection, I think the first method is the most satisfactory for when we come to index these roles.
Acoustic Bass - The term acoustic bass could refer either to a Double bass or Acoustic bass guitar - the
acoustic version of the bass guitar. I also don't want to start having double entries for the same
instrument, sorry!
Vibraharp - this is the same as a vibraphone. Added to vibraphone description - "Also called Vibraharp - in the mallet subfamily of the percussion family. It is similar in appearance to the xylophone and marimba,
although the vibraphone uses aluminum bars instead of the wooden bars of those instruments. Also features tuned resonators below the bars, with motor driven discs that vary the amplitude, giving the distinctive wavering sound to the instrument."
Associate Producer - Producer [Associate] seems fine, I don't want to get to many variations of a similar credit
Art Direction - Artwork By [Art Direction] is ok I think, don't want too many unlinked credits
Yoik (or Joik) - the traditional Sami way of singing. - Seems more like lyrical content than a different way of singing.
Throat Singing. - use Overtone Voice
Contractor - use Other [Contractor]
Afuche - same as cabasa
Darabouka - same as goblet drum - added to description
Lojki / Lozhki in Russian for wooden spoons - please use Spoons - (also Lojki / Lozhki in Russian for wooden spoons) Spoons can be played as a makeshift percussion instrument. A pair of spoons is held with concave sides facing out and with a finger between their handles to space them apart. When the pair is struck, the spoons sharply hit each other and then spring back to their original position. The spoons are typically struck against the knee and the palm of the hand.
Guildface - No known instrument of this name?
Liner Notes (unlinked) - Please use Other (Liner Notes)
Gatham - An indian percussion instrument - this is probably a misspelling of ghatam
Above all, please do something about that credit list sorting. Now it's a very long list with all kinds of credits in a random order. Would already be a step forwards to alphabatise them, even better group them in type/instrument.
That's because he is a photographer / director rather than a musician! Don't get me wrong, I am a photographer by trade so will always credit photographers on my subs, but this is a music database not a photography one!
Axefield
Above all, please do something about that credit list sorting
Totally agree and I believe it being a long and random list is responsible for many of the credit errors - people simple can't be bothered to hack through it so just enter what they see on the release.
Couldn't it be broken into sections and at the top of the list have an anchor link to the head of each section. eg: Brass, Guitar, Keyboards, Percussion, Woodwind, Production, Song-Writing, Arrangement, Orchestral, etc, etc.
nik
Horn - Please use French Horn, Alphorn, Cor Anglais, Crumhorn, English Horn, and Flugelhorn if these are specifically used.
I wonder, why do we have "Cor Anglais" as well as its english translation "English Horn"? Why do we have "French Horn" and not "Cor Français" in that case?
_jules
is the rate of additions gonna be once every 8 months just like in the previous thread or you're planning on doing your job properly from now on?
I'd like this answered as well.
StillCloser
The number of releases with additional video material is increasing everyday, but there's no role for:
- Video Director
- Video Producer
Use "Other". This was already asked before, but rejected. And for your information, if these roles were added, they would still be unlinked.
nik
You can search the Credit List by using the F3 function key on most browsers.
I just browsed through the discussion above and of most interest to me was this info on the F3 funtion.
Has that F3 funtion existed previously?
That's fantastic!!Wish I knew about it before.
i'd like to suggest the following entries for the Credit list:
1) Guitarlele
The Guitarlele is a valid musical Instrument.
Recently built (by Risa and Yamaha) as an electrified version and known in Europe as an acoustic instrument for a long time, the Guitarlele is basically a mixture of Guitar and Ukelele, having six strings tuned a fifth or fourth higher than regular guitar.
There are different classical spellings depending on the instrument's origin: Guitarlele (engl., e.g. Risa, Yamaha), but also Guitalele, and Gitalele (germ.).
It is not merely a variation of either Ukelele nor Guitar, but a sophisticated instrument of its own.
It's pretty funny to see 200 or more different types of various ethnological percussion gadgets - ah, instruments in the credit list, but no entry for "Ukelele"!
Same subject - by the way, thanks for adding the "Electric Guitar"...
I mean, there are countless(!) variations of guitars on the planet today, and a little while ago you had the choice between "Guitar" and "Acoustic Guitar". C'mon...
But - i know you're all very busy, and i really appreciate this site and it's database!
Anyway - i think the Credit List should be updated for the entries "Guitarlele" and "Ukelele".
This may seem off topic here but i have a number of records that have a credit ''Trad'' and sometimes ''Trad Arr'' , these are found on records like jingle bells and other well known christmas songs, any ideas on how to add that properly????
Ok thumbs down for Ukelele, which is Ukulele, but what about good ol' paleface's ''Dobro'' and ''Pedal Steel''?
If we can have ''Mridangam'', then why not those?
SeRKeT
This may seem off topic here but i have a number of records that have a credit ''Trad'' and sometimes ''Trad Arr'' , these are found on records like jingle bells and other well known christmas songs, any ideas on how to add that properly????
If the management is open to new credit roles, I'd like to repeat those proposed before:
They are all extensively described in "The Study Of Orchestration", by Samuel Adler (Third Edition), 2002, W.W. Norton, New York/London, ISBN 0-393-97572-X
nik
Roles or instruments that are not listed and do not belong to sub categories of existing listed instruments (see above) should be entered using the common name (in English if possible) of the main 'family' of the instrument
ok, you where probably right about "Ukulele";
i thought this is somewhat european, and the english term would be written "Ukelele"... no wonder i couln't find it.
Sorry for that!
But still - "Guitarlele" is in question and it should be definately added, it's a valid musical instrument - my opinion, see above.
About "Dobro" and "Pedal Steel" ( - marcelrecords suggested them) -
"DoBro" is a brand name (originally DOpyera BROthers),
and it is - confusingly - often used for all kinds of resonator type guitars, even when built by the National company, or others.
I would suggest using the term:
Acoustic Guitar [Resonator], or to add:
Resonator Guitar.
About "Pedal Steel":
the pedal steel is a (pedal and lever) variation of "Steel Guitar".
First of all i would suggest to add:
Steel Guitar -
and in that special case put in
Steel Guitar [Pedal Steel].
For example, if needed, other variations could be:
Steel Guitar [Hawaiian Steel]
Steel Guitar [Lap Steel]
But - better adding all of them to the list!
And - please considr putting in the Guitarlele, see above,
thanks...
insp_keller
the pedal steel is a (pedal and lever) variation of "Steel Guitar".
First of all i would suggest to add:
Steel Guitar -
and in that special case put in
Steel Guitar [Pedal Steel].
yes that would do too and is more precise, the credit is sorely needed in whatever form.
insp_keller
"DoBro" is a brand name (originally DOpyera BROthers), and it is - confusingly - often used for all kinds of resonator type guitars, even when built by the National company, or others.
that is correct, but also the reason why we need that credit: people know what a dobro is, but not what an Acoustic Guitar [Resonator] is, imo. Dobro is the commonly used name for this kind of instrument.
marcelrecords
insp_keller
"DoBro" is a brand name (originally DOpyera BROthers), and it is - confusingly - often used for all kinds of resonator type guitars, even when built by the National company, or others.
that is correct, but also the reason why we need that credit: people know what a dobro is, but not what an Acoustic Guitar [Resonator] is, imo. Dobro is the commonly used name for this kind of instrument.
Feels a little like that good old bass guitar thing back in the 50's/60's - if nobody'd been appealing that rule, ANY electric bass guitar would be still called "Fender Bass"...
I know exactly what you mean;
but (for example) a National "Resonator Guitar" ( - what about this term? - ) simply IS Not a "Dobro".
Those guitars may look a little similar to the non-expert, but there are huge differences (also optical) between the construction of any types of Resonator Guitars - and it's fairly easy to recognize the real Dobro between others! I guess the National Co. wouldn't be amused too...;-)...
I think anybody should get used to the term of "Resonator Guitar"; it doesn't feel that alienating to me and i think it makes sense.
insp_keller
ANY electric bass guitar would be still called "Fender Bass"...
fine example! but what about the saxophone.... ;=]
...ok, here we go...
When gool ol' Adolphe Sax came up with HIS invention (which was clearly his, no doubt about it) he was clever enough to get all patents he needed -
seems this didn't happen for Dobro as for National - because they simply tinkered around on the same problem in the 1920s.
Besides - A. Sax proudly called his invention "Saxophon" pretty soon; but no company ever called their resonator guitar "Dobro" only - but "amplifonic guitar", "resophonic guitar" or "resonator guitar" or whatever!
Another - legal - reason why i would avoid using this brandname as an instrument classification:
Since the Gibson Co. purchased the Dobro name they'd been threatening companies advertising their resonator guitars under that name.
Common on classical recordings. For example on Deutsche Grammophon, it is "Aufnahme Leiting".
A specific role for somebody following the orchestral scores during the recording process in a very critical way, in order to spot any mistakes that musicians or a conductor wouldn't notice or simply ignore.
This is not strictly an instrument in its own right, as it does not make any sound on its own.
It is a battery-powered hand-held electronic device, which effectively gives a performer another method for playing any stringed instrument. As it uses a magnetic field, it only works on steel strings, so is usually only credited for steel-stringed instruments:
Guitar [E-bow]
Piano [E-bow]
It's a bit like using a violin bow to play an electric guitar.
Most releases will just credit "E-bow", though, which leads to having to listen carefully to determine which instrument(s) was electro-magnetically bowed.
Happy to see this topic is still alive...
Any chance for "Ondes Martenot" to be accepted? Pretty please?
(trying to stretch the corners of my mouth to my ears without tearing my cheeks)
Dec
Most releases will just credit "E-bow", though
Isn't the purpose of Discogs to reflect what's printed on the release (with as few as possible personal interpretation)?
I understand there has to be some uniformity in the credits, but
Dec
listen carefully to determine which instrument(s) was electro-magnetically bowed.
most people here on Discogs don't even listen to their submissions before deciding on a genre/style description, so I believe that letting a submittor decide whether a piano or a guitar (or guitarón or guitarlele or whatever impossible to credit string instrument) was e-bowed, is a deviation from Discog's goal.
I mean , although I am a professional saxophonist, I will not put a "Saxophone [Tenor]" credit in a submission, if the printed info says just "Saxophone", even if I can hear it's a tenor.
I believe that a discographer's task is to collect and link verified information, and this is easier with tools such as dedicated credits.
Dec
This is not strictly an instrument in its own right
But these credits are not limited to musical instruments only...
seconded , the last 5 years have seen so many cd RE-Masters that its a much needed credit . yes u can use Mastered By [Remastered] but since Remastering is becoming so popular , as an Engineer i get more work Remastering these days than Mixdowns due to the capabilities of software that is far cheaper than the finalizing racks you can buy these days
Rhythm Collage is listed twice as an instrument on Joan Osborne's album "Relish" - http://www.discogs.sie.com/release/1367559. There are also other references to "Rhythm Collage" with some six hundred google hits.
I'd also sorting the credit list and adding remastering.
Thanks folks, I have now updated the list as follows:
ADDED:
Guitarrón - (literally "large guitar" in Spanish) A very large, deep-bodied Mexican 6-string acoustic bass played in mariachi bands.
Vihuela - A name given to two different guitar-like string instruments: one from 15th and 16th century Spain, usually with 12 paired strings, and the other, the Mexican vihuela, from 20th century Mexico with five strings and typically played in Mariachi bands.
Guitarlele - A mixture of Guitar and Ukulele, having six strings tuned a fifth or fourth higher than regular guitar. There are different classical spellings depending on the instrument's origin: Guitarlele (engl., e.g. Risa, Yamaha), but also Guitalele, and Gitalele (germ.).
Bass Guitar - Added as a method of crediting this popular instrument, instead of having to use 'Bass [Bass Guitar]. Either method is acceptable.
Resonator Guitar - An acoustic guitar whose sound is produced by one or more metal cones (resonators) instead of the wooden soundboard (guitar top/face). Resonator guitars were originally designed to be louder than conventional acoustic guitars which were overwhelmed by horns and percussion instruments in dance orchestras. They became prized for their distinctive sound however, and found life with several musical styles (most notably bluegrass and also blues) well after electric amplification solved the issue of inadequate guitar sound levels.
Steel Guitar - Refers to at least three types of horizontally played guitar: "Pedal Steel Guitar" (Discogs credit "Steel Guitar [Pedal]")- A type of Electric guitar that uses a metal slide to stop the strings, rather than fingers on strings as with a conventional guitar. The pedal steel is placed horizontally on a stand, with the strings facing up towards the player, and is typically plucked with fingerpicks. The instrument's pedals are used to change the pitch of its strings while being played; the action of the pedals may either be fixed, or may be configurable by the player to select which strings are affected by the pedals. The pedal steel, with its smooth portamenti, bending chords and complex riffs, is one of the most recognizable and characteristic instruments of American country music. "Console Steel Guitar" (Discogs credit "Steel Guitar [Console]")- (also table steel guitar) A type of electric steel guitar intermediate between the lap steel guitar and the pedal steel guitar. Table steel guitars typically have multiple necks and/or more than six strings per neck, and are too large to be easily played in lap steel fashion. "Lap Steel Guitar" (Discogs credit "Steel Guitar [Lap]") - A guitar in which the strings are raised at both the nut and bridge ends of the fingerboard, typically to about half an inch. This makes the frets unusable, and they may be replaced by markers on some guitars.
Viola d'Amore - A 7- or 6-stringed musical instrument with sympathetic strings used chiefly in the baroque period. It is played under the chin in the same manner as the violin.
Serpent - A bass wind instrument, descended from the cornett, and a distant ancestor of the tuba, with a mouthpiece like a brass instrument but side holes like a woodwind. It is usually a long cone bent into a snakelike shape, hence the name.
Ophicleide - A family of conical bore, brass keyed bugles, and an early ancestor of the saxophone.
Sarrusophone - A family of transposing musical instruments, its intended use was to serve as a replacement for the oboe and bassoon.
Heckelphone - a double reed instrument of the oboe family, but with a wider bore and hence a heavier and more penetrating tone. It is pitched an octave below the oboe. Approximately four feet in length, and is quite heavy, it rests on the floor, ed by a short metal peg attached to the underside of its bulbous bell. (An alternate second bell, called a "muting" bell, is also available, which serves to muffle the instrument for playing in a small ensemble.)
Oboe d'Amore - a woodwind instrument. It is a member of the double reed family, very similar to the oboe. Slightly larger than the oboe, it has a less assertive and more tranquil and serene tone, and is considered the mezzo-soprano or alto of the oboe family.
Saxello - Essentially a straight B? soprano, but with a slightly curved neck and tipped bell.
Crotales - (also antique cymbals) - Percussion instruments consisting of small, tuned bronze or brass disks. Each is about 4 inches in diameter with a flat top surface and a nipple on the base. They are commonly played by being struck with hard mallets. They may also be played by striking two disks together in the same manner as finger cymbals, or by bowing. Their sound is rather like a small tuned bell, only with a much brighter sound, and a much longer resonance.
Siren - Sirens are used as musical instruments, such as in Edgard Varèse's Hyperprism (1924), Ionisation (1931), recorded, in his Poeme Electronique (1958), George Antheil's "Ballet Mécanique" (1926), The Klaxon: March of the Automobiles (1929 by Henry Fillmore, The Chemical Brothers's Song to the Siren and, (in a CBS News 60 Minutes segment) by experimental percussionist Evelyn Glennie.
Lion's Roar - A membranophone instrument that has a drum head and a cord or horsehair ing through it. The home-made lion's roar is a drum that sits on the floor. The cord then makes friction with the drumhead as it is moved back and forth. It makes a noise effect like lion roaring.
Ondes Martenot - (also ondium Martenot, Martenot and ondes musicales) is an early electronic musical instrument, invented in 1928 by Maurice Martenot and originally very similar in sound to the Theremin. The instrument is especially known for its eerie wavering notes produced by the thermionic valves that produce oscillating frequencies.
Soloist - This is a musical role, rather than the more common instrument credit used for musicians on Discogs. It denotes that the musician has taken a solo on the track - where one performer is playing either completely alone, or with accompaniment from the others. Common examples are jazz improvisation, featured musicians in classical music, and lead guitar in rock. Please also include the instrument they are playing, as a separate credit, if noted on the release, for example "Soloist, Guitar - Jimi Hendrix"
Audio Generator - An unspecified instrument, presumed to be an electronic device such as a test signal generator.
Recording Supervisor - Follows the orchestral scores during the recording process in a very critical way, in order to spot any mistakes that musicians or a conductor wouldn't notice or simply ignore. Common on classical recordings. For example on Deutsche Grammophon, it is "Aufnahme Leiting".
Basset Horn - (also basset-horn) A member of the clarinet family. A wind instrument with a single reed and a cylindrical bore. However, the basset horn is larger and has a bend near the mouthpiece rather than an entirely straight body
Melodeon - (also diatonic button accordion) - A type of button accordion where the melody-side keyboard is limited to the notes of diatonic scales in a small number of keys (sometimes only one). The bass side usually contains the principal chords of the instrument's key and the root notes of those chords.
E-Bow - This is not an instrument in its own right, as it does not make any sound on its own. It is a battery-powered hand-held electronic device, which effectively gives a performer another method for playing any stringed instrument. As it uses a magnetic field, it only works on steel strings, so is usually only credited for steel-stringed instruments.
Remastered By - An engineering / production role where previously released audio is put through the mastering process again, often to improve upon previous efforts, taking into more up to date technology, different tastes, and changed requirements of the mastering process, for example for digital releases.
Cadenza - (Italian for cadence) Generically, an improvised or written-out ornamental age played or sung by a soloist or soloists, usually in a "free" rhythmic style, and often allowing for virtuosic display. Often refers to a portion of a concerto in which the orchestra stops playing, leaving the soloist to play alone in free time (without a strict, regular pulse) and can be written or improvised, depending on what the composer specifies. Please also include the instrument they are playing, as a separate credit, if noted on the release. See Soloist.
NOT ADDED:
Baritone - Please use Horn [Baritone], using Baritone by itself will lead to all kinds of problems (for example, it can be just as readily applied to voice as horn).
Ukulele - Already in, added description - (also Ukelele, also abbreviated as uke.) A Hawaiian interpretation of small Portuguese guitar-like instruments. Ukuleles come in four sizes; Soprano, Concert, Tenor, and Baritone.
2tec
Rhythm Collage is listed twice as an instrument on Joan Osborne's album "Relish" - http://www.discogs.sie.com/release/1367559. There are also other references to "Rhythm Collage" with some six hundred google hits.
Please use "Drums [Rhythm Collage]" or maybe (less likely) "Arranged By [Rhythm Collage]".
I'm very pleased to have made an anonymous but important contribution to a (supposedly) fading but still vibrating website!
@ nik: I still use discogs everyday; not as a salesman, but as a teacher!
Thank you so much for making all these LINKED credits!
E ai Nik... cara, recebi uma mensagem e não entendi nada...será q poderiam me mandar em portugues... caso não for possivel, não esquenta, pois vou tentar traduzir, mas isso vai levar alguns dias,
Thanks!
Acoustic Bass = like acoustic guitar, but bass Electric Violin = very popular with country music, and others of course Electric Bass = we have Electric Guitar and Acoustic Guitar, so why not bass?
People should be able to freely add information as it is
printed in the liner notes of each release.
Other fields, like the track titles are free from this formality, so just set the credit section up the same way.
And how would the system be able to recognize the different credits of an artist in a free text form and separate them under different indexes on the artist's page?
maybe own roles for Wurlitzer & Rhodes instead of Electric Piano [Wurlitzer] / Electric Piano [Rhodes]
some people aren't sure what it is and use Piano or Organ for this
New credit role: Cuatro http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuatro_(instrument)
It looks like a small 4 stringed guitar, but it sounds somewhere between ukelele and mandolin.
It is (or was) used in calypso.
I've stuck it in a submission for Neville Marcano
Re: get rid of the credits all-together - maybe if there was an ANV-type set-up, where there's a drop-down for the basic credit classes (taking the 15 or so headings and instrument classes), s could then enter whatever they had in front of them. We could keep the existing credit list as a guideline for those less common instruments.
I've been entering my collection of Flairck albums (Dutch folk/world music group) and I've run into two instruments that the group uses repeatedly that I believe need to be added to the credit list:
Amadinda - a tuned log mallet instrument derivative of an Ugandan xylophone. There is also an Asian (mainly Indonesian) version of this instrument.
I have been searching and I have been unabe to find an exact answer on how to enter the credit "Produced By". In the last few years, the introduction of personal computers have made composing and creating electronic music more accesable to the masses. That being said alot of artists are using the term "Produced By" instead of Written By, Mixed By, Sequenced By...etc and in alot of cases it is used to mean all of the above. We have "-By" for alot of credits. Why do we not have the "Produced-By" credit. I know that "Producer" is somewhat considered the same as "Produced By" in the credit list, but there is quite a few of electronic releases with the words "Produced By" written on them. The trend here seems to be pointing to "As written" on the release. (using common sense of course) Is "Producer" an acceptable credit where "Produced By" is written on the release? Is it possiable to add a "Produced By" credit to the list?
Nik or whoever should add all different variations for most of the credits in the credits list:
Producer, Producers, Produced By, Production, etc.
Same for all other credits.
I agree, with all the variations of Producre/ Produced By, and other credits, It will remove alot of the "guess" work of trying to choose what credit will work the best.
housefly88
Is "Producer" an acceptable credit where "Produced By" is written on the release? Is it possiable to add a "Produced By" credit to the list?
Producer has always been used as the role for "Produced By" written on the release...
The "AS ON release" rule is more useful for artist names or track names, but for credits you have to use the nearest matching role you could find in this list: http://www.discogs.sie.com/help/creditslist
Nik or whoever should add all different variations for most of the credits in the credits list:
Producer, Producers, Produced By, Production, etc.
Same for all other credits.
For those who say "not necessary" I bite my thumb to you!
Why make things more complex? KIS!!
In order to list (for example, since it's the one being discussed here) the productions of a producer in Discogs, you have to credit them consistently (i.e. with a defined credit). Since the basic reason for capturing credits is to be able to list (at least some of them) under defined sub-headings on an artist page, you have to have an explicit "tag" for them. After all, if you can't do anything "useful" with the information captured, why capture it in the first place?
Allowing multiple or free-form credits for THE SAME THING merely makes it necessary for Discogs to have to design and program extra logic and/or extra architecture to recognise them as THE SAME THING. The logical conclusion of this argument is an ANV-style system for credits - total and completely unnecessary overkill.
I also don't understand why someone would think "Produced By" is somehow not the same as "Producer".... or why Producer [Produced By] is anything other than confusing and redundant duplication (as already pointed out by julesparis).....
Now, if this is really about the process for applying credits to submissions being really inconvenient and time-consuming, then I think everyone will agree on that...
BigTone
I also don't understand why someone would think "Produced By" is somehow not the same as "Producer".... or why Producer [Produced By] is anything other than confusing and redundant duplication (as already pointed out by julesparis).....
nik
Toy Piano - I am hesitant to add this as a specific instrument, as I think it could get too wide, with toy
guitars, toy drums, baby rattles etc getting added. I would prefer either the [Toy] description to be added to the proper instrument, or have a generic Toy instrument so they can be added as Toy [Piano] etc. On reflection, I think the first method is the most satisfactory for when we come to index these roles.
This is a very incorrect way of dealing with the Toy Piano instrument, on the grounds that it does not belong to the piano family.
I strongly object as it resemble more of a glockenspiel than a piano. A piano is a stringed instrument. The harp became a harpsichord, which in turn became a piano forte. A toy piano has nothing to do with these except it can, at times, be shaped like a piano forte and use the same arrangement of notes like a keyboard. If we were talking about a 'hammer hitting strings' in miniature, the piano credit would be correct.
IMHO Glockenspiel [Toy Piano] would be the most appropriate as it closest to this family of instruments. The fact that it a can be shaped or laid out like a piano is irrelevant. Aren't glockenspiels laid out like this. ie notes and sharps above.
from wikipedia: "Rather than hammers hitting strings as on a standard piano, the toy piano sounds by way of hammers hitting metal bars or rods which are fixed at one end. The hammers are connected to the keys by a mechanism similar to that which drives keyboard glockenspiels. This makes it sound more 'tinkly.' Some new toy pianos are electronic."
It's a case of finding which family of instruments it closely belongs to. But then again, is it a toy, or an instrument? Then we have to define instrument. :)
It's both ;-]
The family it belongs to is tuned percussion. As pointed out before, the piano family has strings. A toy piano is more or less a modest glockenspiel. Of course, there could be case for Keyboards [Toy Piano] too, since it obviously uses a keyboard to produce the sound.
I recently came across a submission which had a Leslie Speaker added to the credits. Although he didn't enter it correctly I adviced him to use Other [Leslie].
As the Leslie speaker has been offen used is it an idea to add 'Leslie' to the creditlist? I can't find any credit other than 'Other' (...:-) which fits the description.
The reason I'm asking this is that there is a problem with Finnish and French releases, in both languages the direct translation of viola ("alttoviulu" in Finnish, "alto" in French) has lead to a credit that could be misunderstood: Violin [Alto].
The 'alto violin' in your link, has exactly the same strings with the same pitch (c, g, d, a) as a viola, so I fail to see the difference.
Clearly the credit roles taken from Finnish and French releases should be 'viola'.
From international practice I can assure you, that 'alto violin' is normally not in use. When used it should probably transfer in Discogs to 'Viola [Alto Violin]'
marcelrecords
The 'alto violin' in your link, has exactly the same strings with the same pitch (c, g, d, a) as a viola, so I fail to see the difference.
If he designed, built, stole (or whatever) the Leslie box, then this is OK. But as 'Other' is strictly for non-musical roles, it would not be correct if he somehow 'plays' the box. It would have to be Performer [Leslie].
Any possibility to get a separate credit for Claviola? And if not, maybe a guideline how to enter it? You can see it as Accordion [Claviola], Keyboards [Claviola], Melodica [Claviola], Clavinet [Claviola]...
whats about Premastered By? most mastering credits are credits for premastering. if the label sais premastered by, shall I use Premastered By or Mastered By?
I noticed that 'Efru', the two string chinese violin, might be listed uncorrectely: I encountered 'Ehru' on this release: http://www.discogs.sie.com/release/380081
Wikipedia says 'Ehru' as well...
This is not exactly a new credit issue, but can someone explain what's the status for "Edited By"?
Is a legitimate job and helps to shape the sound on those tracks.
Read By - Person who reads from a book. For use with audio books or when text is being read from a book.
At present the closest credit would be Narrator, but this is not accurate as this is used mainly for radio plays etc, as a voice for description between dialog from Voice Actors.
